NPR hosted a listener survey of SF and fantasy books in the summer of 2011, first inviting nominations and then vetting the nominations (to, for example, exclude YA and horror books, which will be covered in subsequent surveys). The panel of experts who vetted the nominations consisted of John Clute, Farah Mendlesohn, and Gary K. Wolfe. Then listeners selected up to 10 titles from the nominees, resulting in a ranked list of 100 titles, many of them series titles or first books of series.